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@#Objective To analyze the research status and hotspot of occupational methanol poisoning at home and abroad. Methods ， The China National Knowledge Resource Database Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and Web of Science were used as the data sources. The relevant literatures on occupational methanol poisoning published in domestic and foreign ， Results journals up to June 30 2021 were searched. The bibliometrics was used to analyzed the literatures. A total of 255 literatures were included in analysis. There were 187 Chinese articles and 68 English articles. Most of Chinese articles were ， ， published from 2001 to 2005 with an average of 26.7 literatures per five years until June 2021. Among them 72 literatures （ ）， ， were published in core journals 38.5% and 176 authors from 27 provinces autonomous regions and municipality directly ， under the central government published relevant literatures. The research contents mainly focused on the classification ， ， poisoning mode clinical manifestations visual impairment and poisoning prevention and treatment of occupational methanol - ， poisoning. Most of the English literatures were published in 2016 2020 with an average of 4.9 articles per five years until June ， （ ）， 2021. Among them 36 were published in SCI journals 52.9% and 57 authors from 11 countries published relevant ， ， ， literatures. The research contents mainly focused on the clinical diagnosis drug treatment intoxication mechanism visual Conclusion sequelae and brain injury of occupational methanol poisoning. The research on occupational methanol poisoning ， ， ， mainly focuses on clinical diagnosis clinical manifestations treatment and prognosis and pathogenesis. The focus of relevant research at home and abroad is different.
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Purpose@#This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and effects of primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) on physical and mental health in young adults in mainland China. @*Methods@#An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect information including the sociodemographic characteristics, history of PNE, family history, daytime voiding symptoms, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). A total of 22,500 university students from 23 provinces and 368 cities in mainland China were included. @*Results@#In total, 21,082 questionnaires were collected, and 20,345 of them qualified for statistical analysis. The PNE prevalence was 1.17%, and the distribution of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE) was 66.1% and 33.9%, respectively. In total, 28% of respondents with PNE reported bedwetting daily, 31.6% between 1 and 7 times weekly, and 40.4% between 1 and 4 times monthly; 80% of PNE cases had no history of treatment. The prevalence of PNE in patients with a family history, frequency, urgency, urinary incontinence, and recurrent urinary tract infections was significantly higher than in those without these conditions (P<0.001). PNE was significantly correlated with the PSQI total score (sleep quality) (P=0.011). The SES score was lower and the SDS was higher (P<0.001) in the PNE group than in those without PNE. @*Conclusions@#In mainland China, the PNE prevalence among young adults was found to be high, and PNE had significant effects on physical and mental health. Risk factors included a family history, daytime voiding symptoms, and lack of treatment.
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Purpose@#This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and effects of primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) on physical and mental health in young adults in mainland China. @*Methods@#An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect information including the sociodemographic characteristics, history of PNE, family history, daytime voiding symptoms, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). A total of 22,500 university students from 23 provinces and 368 cities in mainland China were included. @*Results@#In total, 21,082 questionnaires were collected, and 20,345 of them qualified for statistical analysis. The PNE prevalence was 1.17%, and the distribution of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE) was 66.1% and 33.9%, respectively. In total, 28% of respondents with PNE reported bedwetting daily, 31.6% between 1 and 7 times weekly, and 40.4% between 1 and 4 times monthly; 80% of PNE cases had no history of treatment. The prevalence of PNE in patients with a family history, frequency, urgency, urinary incontinence, and recurrent urinary tract infections was significantly higher than in those without these conditions (P<0.001). PNE was significantly correlated with the PSQI total score (sleep quality) (P=0.011). The SES score was lower and the SDS was higher (P<0.001) in the PNE group than in those without PNE. @*Conclusions@#In mainland China, the PNE prevalence among young adults was found to be high, and PNE had significant effects on physical and mental health. Risk factors included a family history, daytime voiding symptoms, and lack of treatment.
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Objective To investigate the influence of TCM Xueshuantong Injection on the clinical benefit and risk factors; To promote rational medication. Methods HIS system of Gansu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine was used, and the medical records and information of patients who used Xueshuantong Injection from August 1st,2015 to August 1st,2016 were selected,including patient information, medicine information, and medicine application information. SPSS19.0 software statistics was used for rational analysis on the clinical application of Xueshuantong;two-class Logistic regression analysis was used to look for adverse reactions related factors. Results Totally 1229 patients with 10 974 medical records were included in the study. Irrational use of medicine was mainly for inappropriate indications (accounted for 21.11%), time of unreasonable administration (accounted for 1.87%), and too large dosage (accounted for 0.9%). Regression analysis showed: 1. Patients with history of allergies to food, medicine, and other substances, increased the risk of adverse reactions 8.725 times after application of Xueshuantong Injection; 2. The medicine combination increased the risk of adverse reaction of Xueshuantong Injection 1.799 times; 3. Medicine combination with Xiaozhong Zhitong Mixture, Jianwei Xiaoshi Mixture, ossotide injection, cobamamide, dextran injection, polyene lipid phosphoryl acid choline injection, and glucosamine hydrochloride tablets, may have potential risk factors for adverse reaction of Xueshuantong Injection. Conclusion Clinical irrational medicine use factors of Xueshuantong Injection mainly manifest in the indications are not suitable, the dosage of the drug medicine is too large and the course of treatment is too long. Adverse reactions occur mainly in patients with allergic history,combination of medication and large dosage.
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Objective To establish a combined quality evaluation model of fingerprint and quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker (QAMS) to analyze the total flavonoids from licorice residue by the chemical conversion method; To provide technical support for quality control in production. Methods Total flavonoids of breaking cell wall and enriching were taken as the object of study to establish fingerprint. With liquiritin as internal reference, the relative correction factors of isoliquiritin, glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin and glycyrrhizic acid were established respectively, and the contents were determined. Meanwhile, the calculated values were compared with the measured value by external standard method to verify the practicability and stability of QAMS. Results The HPLC fingerprint of total flavonoids from licorice residue was established. 11 common peaks were identified, and 5 common peaks were identified, and the similarity of the 10 extracts was >0.99; the relative error between the calculated results of QAMS and the measured values of the external standard method was <4%; the RSD of relative correction factor calculated by the multiple concentration method was <2%. Conclusion The method is accurate, reliable, specific, and stable, with good repeatability, which can be used for the quality control of total flavonoids from licorice residue.
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Objective To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of liquiritin, isoliquiritin, glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin and glycyrrhizic acid in licorice extract. Methods Liquiritin, isoliquiritin, glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin and glycyrrhizic acid in licorice extract were determined by HPLC dual wavelength spectrophotometry. Symmetry C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) was used. The mobile phase was acetonitrile (A) - 0.085％ phosphoric acid water (B), ingradient elution mode (0–8 min, 81％ B; 8–35 min, 81％→50％ B; 35–60 min, 50％ B) with the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The sample size was 10 μL, and column temperature was room temperature. Dual wavelength detection, λ1=237 nm, λ2=254 nm. Results Liquiritin, isoliquiritin, glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin and glycyrrhizic acid were linear in the ranges of 0.0408–0.816 μg, 0.0528–1.056 μg, 0.0224–0.448 μg, 0.0212–0.424 μg, and 0.0448–0.896 μg, respectively. The average recovery was 98.69％, 98.31％, 99.10％, 98.55％, and 99.14％, respectively; RSD was 1.39％, 1.29％, 1.78％, 2.14％, and 1.15 ％, respectively. Conclusion The method is accurate, reliable and specific. The results are stable with good repeatability. It can be used for the determine of above 5 components in licorice extract.
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Objective To investigate the effect of life events and coping styles on attitude toward seeking professional psychological help in college students.Methods Nine hundred college students were survey by attitude toward seeking professional psychological help questionnaire (ATSPPHQ),adolescent self-rating life events check list and coping style questionnaire.Results The total score,the scores of expecting and acceptance factor of ATSPPHQ of female were significantly higher than those of male (P ＜ 0.05);there was no statistic difference in scores of need and trust factor of ATSPPHQ between male and female(P ＜0.05).There was statistic difference in total score and score of each factor of ATSPPHQ among difference grade (P ＜ 0.05).The total score and each factor score of ATSPPHQ of science & engineering profession students were significantly higher than those of literature and history profession students(P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistic difference in total score and score of each factor of ATSPPHQ among another variables(P ＞ 0.05).Problem solving and help-seeking of coping styles were positive correlation with attitude toward seeking professional psychological help (P ＜ 0.05);all factors of life events and self-blame,fantasy,avoidance,rationalization factor of coping style were negative correlation with attitude toward seeking professional psychological help(P ＜ 0.05).The punishment,problem solving,self-blame and help-seeking were the influence factors of attitude toward seeking professional psychological help.Poblem solving and help-seeking had positive predictive effect (P ＜ 0.05);punishment,self-blame had negative predictive effect (P ＜ 0.05).The immature coping style and mixed coping style had intermediary effect between life events and the attitude toward seeking professional psychological help.Conclusions The attitude toward seeking professional psychological help of college students is different in gender,grade and profession.Life events and coping style have a certain impact on the attitude toward seeking professional psychological help.Coping style play an intermediary role between the life events and the attitude toward seeking professional psychological help.